The Chief Minister's residence may be called " Praja Bhavan "
Date: 12-03-2016.
The President of India
The powers of the Lieutenant Governor of a union-territory are equivalent to the powers of a Governor of a state in India. Both are appointed by the President of India for a term of 5 years.
The President of India is the Head of State and the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces
The President is indirectly elected by the people through elected members of both the houses of Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies of New Delhi and Puducherry and serves for a renewable term of five years. The oath of the President is taken in the presence of the Chief Justice of India, and in his/her absence, by the most senior judge of the Supreme Court.
Although Article 53 of the Constitution of India states that the President can exercise his powers directly or by subordinate authority with few exceptions, all of the executive authority vested in the President are, in practice, exercised by the Prime Minister with the help of the Council of Ministers.
The President of India resides in an estate in New Delhi known as the Rashtrapati Bhavan (which roughly translates as President's House). The presidential retreat is The Retreat in Chharabra, Shimla and Rashtrapati Nilayam (President's Place) in Hyderabad.
The Governor of the State.
The Governor is the head of a state just like the President is the head of the republic. The Governor is the nominal head of a state, while the Chief Minister is the executive head. All executive actions of the state are taken in the name of the Governor. However, in reality he merely gives his consent to the various executive actions. He or she is devoid of taking any major decisions. The real powers in the executive dealings of a state rest with the Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers.
According to an amendment in the Constitution of India, brought about in 1956, the same person can be the Governor of two or more states. Apart from the governors in the states, Lieutenant governors are appointed in Union Territories of Delhi, Andaman Nicobar Island and Pudducherry. All other union-territories are governed by an Administrative Head (an IAS officer). The only exception is Chandigarh. The governor of Punjab is also the lieutenant governor of Chandigarh.
Powers of the Governor
Like the President of India, the Governor of a state has certain executive, legislative and judicial powers. He or she also possesses certain discretionary or emergency powers. But, unlike the President, the Governor does not have any diplomatic or military powers.
Executive powers
- The Governor has the power to appoint the Council of Ministers including the Chief Minister of the state, the Advocate General and the members of the State Public Service Commission. However, the Governor cannot remove the members of the State Public Service Commission as they can only be removed by an order of the President.
- The Governor is consulted by the President in the appointment of the Judges of the state High Court.
- The Governor appoints Judges of the District Courts.
- In case the Governor feels that the Anglo-Indian community has not been adequately represented in the Vidhan Sabha, he or she can nominate one member of the community to the Legislative Assembly of the state.
- In all the states where a bicameral legislature is present, the Governor has a right to nominate the members, who are “persons having special knowledge or practical experience in matters such as literature, science, art, co-operative movement and social service”, to the Legislative Council.
Legislative Powers
- As the Governor is said to be a part of the State Legislature, he has the right of addressing and sending messages, summoning, deferring and dissolving the State Legislature, just like the President has, in respect to the Parliament. Although these are formal powers, in reality, the Governor must be guided by the Chief Minister and his Council of Ministers before making such decisions.
- The Governor inaugurates the state legislature and the first session of each year, by addressing the Assembly, outlining the new administrative policies of the ruling government.
- The Governor lays before the State Legislature, the annual financial statement and also makes demands for grants and recommendation of ‘Money Bills’.
- The Governor constitutes the State Finance Commission. He also holds the power to make advances out of the Contingency Fund of the State in the case of any unforeseen circumstances.
- The Governor has the power to promulgate an ordinance when the Legislative Assembly is not in session, and a law has to be brought into effect immediately. However, the ordinance is presented in the state legislature in the next session, and remains operative for a total of six weeks, unless it is approved by the legislature.
All bills passed by the Legislative Assembly become a law, only after the Governor approves them. In case it is not a money bill, the Governor holds the right to send it back to the Vidhan Sabha for reconsideration. But if the Vidhan Sabha sends back the Bill to the Governor the second time, then he has to sign it.
Judicial Powers
- he Governor can grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remission of punishments. He can also suspend, remit or commute the sentence of any person convicted of an offence against the law.
- The Governor is consulted by the President in the appointment of the Chief Justice to the High Court of that particular state.
Emergency Powers
- In case no political party bags a majority in the Vidhan Sabha of the state, the Governor holds the power to use his discretion to select the Chief Minister.
- The Governor informs the President in an official report, of a particular emergency arisen in the state, and imposes ‘President’s Rule’ on the behalf of the President. The Governor, in such circumstances, overrides the advice or functions of the Council of Ministers, and directs upon himself, the workings of the state.
Eligibility Criteria
As per the Constitution of India, the following are the eligibility criteria for the appointment of the Governor in a particular state:
- He or she must be a citizen of India.
- He or she must have completed 35 years of age.
- He or she must not hold any other office of profit.
- He or she must not be a member of the Legislature of the Union or of any other state. There is no bar to the selection of a Governor from amongst the members of the Legislature, provided that on appointment, he or she immediately ceases to be a Member of the Legislature.
Salary of the Governor
The monthly salary of a Governor is Rs 1,10,000, as specified in the Governor’s (Emoluments, Allowances and Privileges) Act of 1982. The Governor is also entitled to certain benefits and allowances, which shall not be diminished during his office term of five years.
Facilities for the Governor
In addition to the monthly salary, the Governor is entitled to a number of special facilities such as medical facilities, residence facilities, traveling facilities, reimbursement of phone and electricity bills, and many other allowances. The Governor is provided an official residence free of rent. The Governor and his or her family is also provided free medical attendance for life. A fixed amount of money is also allotted as the Governor’s traveling expenses across the country.
Selection Process of the Governor
The Governor is not elected by the process of direct or indirect voting (like the Chief Minister, the Prime Minister or the President). The Governor of a particular state is appointed directly by the President of India, for a period of five years. The Governor must meet all the eligibility criteria enumerated above, to be appointed by the President.
Duty Term of the Governor
A governor of a state in India holds office for a period of five years, but it is subject to termination earlier if:
- The Governor is dismissed by the President, at whose pleasure he holds the office. In reality, the President is advised by the Prime Minister of the country, who decides the dismissal of the Governor of a state, usually on the grounds of gross delinquency namely corruption, bribery and violation of the Constitution.
- The Governor resigns from his post. There is no retirement age of the Governor, as he or she stays in office for a fixed term. There is no provision for a Governor to be impeached from office, unlike that of a President.
Pension of the Governor
A Governor of a particular state is entitled to a fixed pension, as per the Constitution of India. In August 2013, a Bill for hike in pension for the Governor was initiated. Besides a fixed pension, a Governor is also entitled to emoluments such as secretarial allowances and medical benefits for life.
The Residence of the Governor
As the Governor is the nominal head of a particular state in India, he or she is entitled to reside in the Raj Bhavan of that state, during his or her term of office. Like the President of India who resides in the Rashtrapati Bhavan in Delhi, each state has a Raj Bhavan, which is allotted to the Governor and his family. The Governor must vacate the Raj Bhavan on the expiry of his or her term of office.
The Chief Minister
In the Republic of India, a Chief Minister is the elected head of government of each of twenty-nine states and two union territories (Delhi and Puducherry). According to the Constitution of India, the Governor is a state's de jure head, but de factoexecutive authority rests with the Chief Minister. Following elections to the state legislative assembly, the Governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The Governor appoints and swears in the Chief Minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Based on the Westminster system, given that he retains the confidence of the assembly, the Chief Minister's term can last for the length of the assembly's life—a maximum of five years. There are no limits to the number of terms that the Chief Minister can serve.
They have complete power of control over the state.
The chief Minister resides in the Office called Camp Office, but the chief Minister is elected by the people and people met him in this office , camp office is not good , so the name of residence of the Chief Minister may be called as " Praja Bhavan "
List of Chief Ministers of Indian State
| S.No. | State | Chief Ministers | Took Office (mm/dd/yyyy) | Party |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Andhra Pradesh | N.Chandrababu Naidu | 06/08/2014 | Telugu Desam Party |
| 2 | Arunachal Pradesh | Kalikho Pul | Feb 19, 2016 | Indian National Congress |
| 3 | Assam | Shri Tarun Gogoi | 17 May, 2001 | Indian National Congress |
| 4 | Bihar | Nitish Kumar | 02/22/2015 | Janata Dal (United) |
| 5 | Chhattisgarh | Raman Singh | 12/07/2003 | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 6 | Delhi | Arvind Kejriwal | 02/14/2015 | Aam Aadmi Party |
| 7 | Goa | Laxmikant Parsekar | 11/08/2014 | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 8 | Gujarat | Anandiben Patel | 05/22/2014 | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 9 | Haryana | Manohar Lal Khattar | 26/10/2014 | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 10 | Himachal Pradesh | Virbhadra Singh | 12/25/2012 | Indian National Congress |
| 11 | Jammu and Kashmir | President's rule | 08/01/2016 | - |
| 12 | Jharkhand | Raghubar Das | 28/12/2014 | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 13 | Karnataka | Siddaramaiah | 05/13/2013 | Indian National Congress |
| 14 | Kerala | Oommen Chandy | 05/18/2011 | Indian National Congress |
| 15 | Madhya Pradesh | Shivraj Singh Chauhan | 11/29/2005 | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 16 | Maharashtra | Devendra Fadnavis | 31/10/2014 | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 17 | Manipur | Okram Ibobi Singh | 03/02/2002 | Indian National Congress |
| 18 | Meghalaya | Mukul Sangma | 04/20/2010 | Indian National Congress |
| 19 | Mizoram | Pu Lalthanhawla | 12/07/2008 | Indian National Congress |
| 20 | Nagaland | T R Zeliang | 24/05/2014 | Nagaland People's Front |
| 21 | Odisha | Naveen Patnaik | 03/05/2000 | Biju Janata Dal |
| 22 | Puducherry | N. Rangaswamy | 05/16/2011 | All India NR Congress |
| 23 | Punjab | Parkash Singh Badal | 03/01/2007 | Shiromani Akali Dal |
| 24 | Rajasthan | Vasundhara Raje | 12/13/2013 | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 25 | Sikkim | Pawan Kumar Chamling | 12/12/1994 | Sikkim Democratic Front |
| 26 | Tamil Nadu | J. Jayalalithaa | 23/05/2015 | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |
| 27 | Telangana | K Chandrasekhar Rao | 06/02/2014 | Telangana Rashtriya Samiti (TRS) |
| 28 | Tripura | Manik Sarkar | 03/11/1998 | Communist Party of India (Marxist) |
| 29 | Uttarakhand | Harish Rawat | 02/01/2014 | Indian National Congress |
| 30 | Uttarpradesh | Akhilesh Yadav | 03/15/2012 | Samajwadi Party |
| 31 | West Bengal | Mamata Banerjee | 05/20/2011 | All India Trinamool Congress |
Residence of CM calling as Camp office is not good , so the name of residence of the Chief Minister may be converted as " Praja Bhavan "
The President resides in " Rashtrapathi Bhavan,
The Governer resides in " Raj Bhavan "
The Chief Minister's residence may be called " Praja Bhavan "
yours,
www.seaflowdiary.blogspot.com
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